Variables

DM control in percent

Chi-square value (X²)

p-value

No

Yes

Age category

25 - 34 years

3.9

13.3

11.844

.008

35- 44 years

4.6

10.7

45 - 54 years

35.3

22.7

Over 55 years

56.2

53.3

Gender

Male

31.4

40.8

1.993

0.158

Female

68.6

59.2

Education

No education

62.7

42.5

12.438

0.006

1 - 5 years schooling

34.6

53.4

6 - 11 years schooling

2.6

1.4

Post matric/ Higher education

0.0

2.7

 Employment status

Full- time employment

52.3

50.0

6.578

0.087

Part- time employment

34.2

46.1

Unemployed

11.4

3.9

 Relationship    Status

Married

48.0

44.0

5.959

0.051

Single

32.7

22.7

Other

19.3

33.3

 Monthly Income

No income

39.3

34.2

4.671

0.254

< R1000

4.6

2.6

Between R1000 -R1999

54.2

57.9

Between R 2000-R2999

1.3

5.3

 Read Newspaper

Daily

62.5

25.7

44.844

0.000

Almost daily

17.1

38.6

Sometimes

18.4

14.3

Never

2.0

21.4

 Read Magazine

Daily

81.0

53.5

20.902

0.000

Almost daily

8.5

28.2

Sometimes

7.2

9.9

Never

3.3

8.5

Knowledge on normal blood sugar

No

89.0

76.4

5.901

0.015

Yes

11.0

23.6

Knowledge on DM Complication

No

73.2

53.9

8.491

0.004

Yes

26.8

46.1

Measure Blood sugar at home

No

74.2

41.7

40.99

0.000

Yes

25.8

58.3

Duration of DM treatment

< 5 years

18.4

30.6

8.906

0.012

5-9 years

52.1

28.6

> 10 years

29.5

40.8