Table 1: Citicoline’s action [13-16].
Increase in acetylcholine intra-synaptic levels |
Increase in dopamine and noradrenaline intra-synaptic levels (indirect dopamine-agonist) |
Increase in phospholipid synthesis (phosphatidylcholine) |
Cell function and neuronal repair stimulation |
Inhibition of brain ischemia associated apoptosis |
Inhibition of different models of neurodegeneration |
Neuroprotection and neuroplasticity boost |
Efficacy in the long-term use (6-9 months and beyond) |