From Neuroinflammation to Neuroprotection: Focus on Potential New Therapeutic Targets in Cognitive Impairment

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Author Info

Antonino Maria Cotroneo Pietro Gareri Valeria Graziella Laura Manfredi

Corresponding Author

Pietro Gareri
Center for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia, Catanzaro Lido, ASP Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy

A B S T R A C T

Neurodegeneration is closely linked to neuroinflammation. It is often associated with oxidative stress and meaningful changes in cell energy metabolism. Neuroinflammation is due to non-neuronal cell activation (microglia, astrocytes, mast cells) activation and proliferation. Also, it is associated with pro-inflammatory substances release, able to modify synaptic plasticity. Microglia and astrocytes activation lead to toxic agent’s release (reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines); however, the final target of this process is the cholinergic neuron. A number of substances can promote neuroprotection; recent scientific evidence focuses on the role of sirtuins. In particular, SIRT1 is activated by caloric restriction, NAD biosynthesis and different activators, called STACs (Sirtuin Activating Compounds). Citicoline is one of the most powerful STACs. It has been widely shown to possess neuroprotective action, and lots of studies strengthened its possible role.

Article Info

Article Type

Review Article

Publication history

Received: Sat 02, May 2020
Accepted: Fri 22, May 2020
Published: Sat 30, May 2020

Copyright

© 2023 Pietro Gareri. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Hosting by Science Repository.
DOI: 10.31487/j.NNB.2020.02.10