article = {JICOA-2021-3-107}
title = {Application of Cell Culture Models in Studying Viral Diseases (SARS, H1N1 Flu,  MERS, COVID-19): A Review}
journal = {Journal of Integrative Cardiology Open Access}
year = {2021}
issn = {2674-2489}
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.JICOA.2021.03.07}
url = {https://www.sciencerepository.org/application-of-cell-culture-models-in-studying-viral-diseases_JICOA-2021-3-107 
author = {Minoo Alavi,Samira Tajvar,Afra  Hadjizadeh,}
keywords = {Coronaviruses, influenza A virus, 2D cell culture, organoids, organ-on-chips, 3D bioprinting}
abstract ={The emergence of recent viral outbreaks, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, and the resulting global 
mortality and damage has created an urgent need to accelerate the identification, prevention, and treatment 
of these viral diseases. Due to the limitations in the use of humans, and animal models in terms of time, 
costs, metabolism differences and ethical issues, in vitro models have become essential in virology research. 
In the present review, we collected the application of several used cell culture models in studies on four 
pathogenic viruses - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), influenza A virus 
(H1N1), middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). These models included, 2D and 3D cell culture (organoids, microfluidic-chips, and bioprinted 
models). A collection of existing research on these viruses can help fight against the SARS-CoV-2 virus 
and speed it up against future emerging viruses. Moreover, it can show the shortcomings of in vitro models 
in virology studies that have been performed to date and provide researchers with new ideas for developing 
models that are more efficient to deal with similar viral outbreaks.}