TY - JOUR
AR - AJSCR-2024-2-102
TI - Contrast-Induced Encephalopathy Post Gadolinium Administration: A Case Report and Literature Review
AU - Athary, Saleem
AU - Dana, Alkandari
AU - Waleed, Yousef
AU - Dragan, Savic
AU - Lazar, Lazovi
AU - Tarik, Alsheikh
JO - American Journal of Surgical Case Reports
PY - 2024
DA - Tue 12, Nov 2024
SN - 2674-5046
DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.AJSCR.2024.02.02
UR - https://www.sciencerepository.org/contrast-induced-encephalopathy-post-gadolinium_AJSCR-2024-2-102 
KW - Contrast-induced encephalopathy, contrast media, cerebral angiography, neurotoxicity, cerebral aneurysm, case report
AB - Background: Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is an unusual and transient complication of intra-arterially administered contrast media during interventional procedures. We report a case of CIE post-gadolinium-based contrast administration.
Case Description: A 53-year-old female patient who was presented with a long-standing history of headaches and left-sided weakness. The patient had medical history of type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and transient ischaemic attacks. Due to the past medical history of repetitive transient ischaemic attacks, a brain MRI was done, anterior communicating artery saccular aneurysm was incidentally discovered. So, the decision was made to proceed with cerebral angiography which revealed a non-ruptured saccular aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery that was surgically clipped. On postoperative day 4, a gadolinium-based contrast CT angiogram revealed complete exclusion of the aneurysm. Following the CT angiogram, the patient developed confusion, disorientation, aphasia, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. An urgent head CT was done, showing unremarkable findings. Conservative measures were used to manage CIE. The patient was discharged, and the postoperative period was uneventful. 
Conclusion: The clinical features of CIE are non-specific, resulting in diagnostic challenges. Multiple risk factors predispose patients to CIE. Supportive measures are the main treatment option.