TY - JOUR
AR - COR-2021-2-101
TI - Immune Response Role of Angiogenesis Inhibitors
AU - Monika , Devanaboyina
AU - Nealie , Ngo
AU - Rakan , Albalawy
AU -  Louis , Filipiak
AU - Hannah , Staats
AU - Laura , Stanbery
AU - Danae , Hamouda
AU - John , Nemunaitis
JO - Clinical Oncology and Research
PY - 2021
DA - Mon 01, Feb 2021
SN - 2613-4942
DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.COR.2021.02.01
UR - https://www.sciencerepository.org/immune-response-role-of-angiogenesis-inhibitors_COR-2021-2-101 
KW -  Angiogenesis, VEGF, autologous tumor vaccine, bevacizumab
AB - Angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor growth. Established vasculature provides a supply of
nutrients and other necessary survival factors for tumor cell maintenance. In addition, immune factors with
capacity to both decrease immune activity leading to cancer suppression and to increase anticancer response
are provided via VEGF stimulated angiogenesis. However, VEGF provides more than angiogenesis
stimulation; it is itself a growth factor with activity to also decrease the stimulation of dendritic cells (DCs)
and T cells involved in anti-cancer mechanisms. As such inhibition of VEGF provides immune therapeutic
advantage. This was well demonstrated by IFN-ɣ ELISPOT assay in which T lymphocytes antitumor
response was measured against multiple myeloma cells following exposure to myeloma lysate-loaded
dendric cells. Block of VEGF lead to enhanced T lymphocyte anticancer immune response. Through
stimulation of the immune system angiogenesis inhibitors can work in conjunction with immunotherapy,
chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Recent clinical trials in advanced renal cell carcinoma, non-small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and hepatocellular carcinoma have evidenced improved outcomes due to an
immune enhancing effect with angiogenesis inhibition and in particular immune checkpoint blockade
treatment.