Catherine  Lalonde,Étienne  Dallaire,Gahide  Gérald,Guillaume  Garneau,Mathieu Béland,Mireille  Méthot,
CT-Angiogram Appearance of Iatrogenic Azygos Vein Perforation
Journal of Integrative Cardiology Open Access
2020
2674-2489
http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.JICOA.2020.02.10
https://www.sciencerepository.org/ct-angiogram-appearance-of-latrogenic_JICOA-2020-2-110 
Abstract: An elderly woman underwent placement of a pacemaker lead which was complicated by accidental azygos
vein cannulation and perforation. However not a very uncommon complication, we report here several
findings on CT-angiogram which highlight imaging pitfalls of this entity. We also review how the case was
clinically managed.
Keywords: Pacemaker, Azygos vein perforation, Azygos vein cannulation, CT-angiogram, Complication